The Neurobiology of Mental Retardation: Fragile X Syndrome Essay

The Neurobiology of Mental Retardation: Fragile X Syndrome In my previous paper, I wrote on the topic of the nature-nurture debate and the ways it related to the brain-equals-behavior dilemma. In this paper, I will continue this investigation into the link between genes and neurobiology, but I will focus in on a particular aspect of the relationship: neurological disease caused by genetic aberration. There are many well studied and well documented (thought not necessarily well understood) disorders associated with the X chromosome, and a large number of these have neurobiological roots and behavioral manifestations. One such disease is fragile X syndrome. Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited form of learning disabilities and mental retardation known (1). The disease shows an x-linked inheritance pattern and is characterized by a host of symptoms ranging from impaired learning abilities to severe retardation and autistic behaviors (1). An understanding of the disease is vital on several levels. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) not only bea rs scientific significance for the fields of molecular genetics, transmission genetics, neurophysiology, and abnormal psychology. It also provides one with a vantage point from which to view the particular set of behaviors known as mental retardation as well as those afflicted by retardation who are too often stigmatized and marginalized in our society. Before analyzing the neurobiological basis of FXS, it is pertinent to examine the genetics underlying the disease. As stated before, FXS is known to be x-linked which means that the disease will appear roughly in twice as many male cases as female. This is because males, who have only a single copy of x-linked genes which they inherit on... ... syndrome and Downs Syndrome are also forms of mental retardation, the latter of which is not even an inborn error of metabolism- it is a chromosomal disorder. And yet the particular subset of behaviors in question is all called mental retardation. Thus, more cytological and neuro-imaging research must be conducted to fully elucidate the complexities of FXS. For the time being, I think, it is safe to assume that the link between a single gene and a complex class of behaviors is strong for fragile X syndrome. WWW Sources 1)National Fragil X Foundation http://www.fragilex.org/ 2)Neurosciences on the Internet http://www.neuroguide.com/cgi-bin/pdistoc.pl?file=fragile 3)Genetic Causes of Mental Retardation http://specialed.freeyellow.com/YAdaptUse.html 4)Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man http://www3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=309550

Go Greek Essay

They make assumptions that are most likely not true. They make assumptions from hear say only. You need to experience it, before you judge. Lauren Border’s negative outlook on the Greek system is mistaken, because she overlooks the positives like sisterhood and brotherhood, scholarship, and leadership, and what they have to offer. In â€Å"Pledging to never rush: a criticism of Greek life at Tufts†, published in The Tufts Daily, student at Tufts University Lauren Border writes how she is against the Greek life establishment at Tufts. She doesn’t understand why people would want to join an establishment that gives you so many bad names, and separates women from men, and men from women. In the article she did want to make clear that she does not dislike the people in the Greek life establishment. She has nothing against them; she is just against the establishment. She doesn’t like how the sexes are separated. She doesn’t understand that women are still trying to make a step up in the world and become equal to men, but then they have these establishments that separate them. She is also very against the hazing aspect on both sides of the Greek system. Girls’ egos are shut down, and men have to prove something, just to be part of something. She is stating that you can feel belonged to something and not have to partake in any of these things. In the article she states, â€Å"I am convinced that Greek life usually does much more harm than good. † She wants a change at Tufts and she is hoping that this article will make people wake up and see that there are other options out there. Border’s opinion on he Greek system lacks credibility when she points out the flaws of the Greek system. For every point she makes, she does not have any proof to back it up with. Also Border makes all of her judgments based off of the Tuft University Greek Life, when in reality not all Greek Life is the same on every campus nationwide. She is judging without knowing. Unlike Border I am currently part of a Greek establishment and it is the best decision I have ever made. I have only been in the house for three months, and I have experienced things I don’t think I would have ever experienced if I didn’t join. I don’t know if it’s because I go to the University of Idaho, but some of the stuff she mentions are not true. For example, Border states in the article that girls have it way worse in the Greek system than guys, but here at the University of Idaho, it’s the complete opposite. Absolutely no hazing is allowed, and if the house gets caught it will be shut down. No exceptions what so ever. There are many benefits for joining a Greek establishment. Border only looks at all the negatives, and doesn’t even bother to consider the positives. One of the multiple benefits for joining a Greek establishment is friendship and sisterhood/brotherhood you gain. When joining a house you have the advantage of meeting people of various backgrounds with both different yet similar interests. The ideal of sisterhood/brotherhood is the principal foundation upon which each fraternity/ sorority is built and from which you will receive the greatest benefit. You will always have people pushing you to be the very best you can be, and will be there when the going gets tough. Another benefit for joining an establishment is the academic side of it. One of the main purposes of the fraternity or sorority community is to develop and encourage high scholastic achievement among the members. Within the house you have the opportunity to take advantage of peer tutoring, upperclassman counseling, and chapter study hours. Those chapter study hours give the newest members a good sense of the change of study habits they are going to have to become accustom to in order to be successful in college. Also, there is the fact that your brothers/sisters can offer all kinds of academic advice after their experiences. There are so many benefits in joining a house, but I am only going to mention one more. When you join a fraternity or sorority you will be offered the opportunity to take on a leadership position. Leadership positions range from president to vice president of finance all the way to purchase chairman. Everyone in a fraternity or sorority is a leader, whether you’re an officer, on a committee, or just a participant. You will learn by doing. You will learn how to manage a budget, run effective meetings, speak in public, and motivate others. These are skills that will help you not only within the university but throughout your life. These days it takes more than just a degree to get a job, it takes leadership experience. Being a part of something that has a lot of meaning behind everything is an amazing feeling. Being a part of a sorority/ fraternity and forming that sisterhood/ brotherhood is such an amazing thing. You know people have your back all the time, and you know you are not alone. Everyone is going through the same thing. Learning life skills while being part of a Greek establishment will help you so much later down the road. Whether you hear good or bad things about joining a house, give it a chance. You will never understand the meaning behind everything if you don’t give it a try. Lauren Borders negative outlook on the Greek system is mistaken, because she overlooks the positives of what it has to offer. Everything was based on hearsay and personal opinion. She had nothing to back up any of her points.

Abraham Lincoln s Greatest Presidents - 1671 Words

My opinion of the authors takes on whether Abraham Lincoln was one of America’s greatest presidents was that Paludan stated Lincoln was a president who wanted to defend and uphold the constitution of the United States, especially since President Lincoln always stated that all men are created equal and that meant blacks to in his opinion. He was the type of person who talked to the people not at the people when he spoke. Paludan believes Lincoln was a president that was greater than any other President in history. He feels that Lincoln wanted to keep all the states and all the people united. When the southern states left the Union due to issues like slavery, Lincoln wanted to reunite them with the Northern states. Paludan felt that Lincoln had several challenges while he was in office before his death, some he overcame and some he did not. Overcoming the Civil War between the States, uniting a divided country, and ending slavery were some of the things that Lincoln was challen ged with while in office. Before he was killed at Ford Theater the war was coming to an end and the states were trying to become united and the slaves were given the choice of being free or stay working on the plantations in the south for pay, not as slaves. This and more is why Paludan thinks Lincoln the greatest president. However, Bradford stated the Lincoln had no business stating that blacks were included in the clause of equality mentioned in the Declaration of Independence. He believed thatShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln s Greatest President2176 Words   |  9 PagesLaycock; Was Abraham Lincoln America’s Greatest President? Abraham Lincoln; America’s Greatest President In Larry Madaras and James M. SoRelle’s book Taking Sides: Clashing Views in U.S. History Volume 1: The Colonial Period to Reconstruction the topic as to whether or not Abraham Lincoln was America’s greatest president during and after the eighteenth century is explored and debated by Phillip Shaw Paludan and Melvin E. Bradford. Paludan believes Lincoln was America’s greatest president on theRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln - the Greatest President1069 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln There have been forty four U.S. presidents over the past two hundred and twenty years. What president has served the best for our country? None other than Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln is the greatest president ever because he did great things such as ending slavery, getting the us through the Civil War, and helped our country a lot. The American Civil War was a war between the Southern states and the Confederate states. Abraham Lincoln was not very prepared for the war militarilyRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Greatest President Of All Times798 Words   |  4 Pageshailed as the greatest president of all times, Abraham Lincoln was a strong Presidential leader who is known for his honest ways. He was President during one of the worst wars in American history and was a great leader for our military. Abraham Lincoln helped to abolish slavery. He was shot down in the prime of his life and term of President by John Wilkes Booth. President Lincoln’s contributions to the American society will never be forgotten. On a February morning in 1809 Abraham Lincoln was bornRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln The President that was murdered because he forever freed the slaves in 1863 is how many people in today’s society remember the sixteenth president of the United States of America. President Abraham Lincoln leadership qualities and accomplishments go far beyond that life altering proclamation. American educator Dr. Stephen Covey states, â€Å"Always surround yourself with people who are even more talented and competent than you† This quote is relevant to the leadership skills and qualitiesRead MoreLeadership Skills And Qualities Of President Abraham Lincoln936 Words   |  4 PagesThe President that was murdered because he forever freed the slaves in 1863 is how many people in today s society remember the sixteenth president of the United States of America. President Abraham Lincoln leadership qualities and accomplishments go far beyond that life altering proclamation. American educator Dr. Stephen Covey states, â€Å"Always surround yourself with people who are e ven more talented and competent than you† This quote is relevant to the leadership skills and qualities of PresidentRead MorePresident Abraham Lincoln : Greatest President Of American History1516 Words   |  7 PagesOctober 2014 President Abraham Lincoln: Greatest President in American History President Lincoln said the following about the South in his Inaugural Address, In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you.... You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it.(Freidel and Sidey 2006) President Abraham Lincoln is look uponRead MoreMore Than Just A Five Dollar Bill1429 Words   |  6 Pagesthing that has not changed in the United States of America is the government. When people came over from England to the United States, people were not used to having a president. The President would fulfill the wants of the people of the nation and do whatever it took. With the United States in need of A president, some of the greatest leaders in the newly formed nation would have to stand up, and it started with the most famous, George Washington. He started the chain of the Presidency and is oftenRead MoreComparing Barak Obamas Administration to Abraham Lincolns Essay741 Words   |  3 Pagespeople may say one president was the best while another person may disagree. In my opinion out of all the presidents there is a man named Abraham Lincoln who i think was one of the greatest presidents of all time. One of are presidents in the present who i think does not do a very good job in office is president Barack Obama. There are a lot of reasons why i put these two in the catogories i did and in my essay i am going to explain this reasoning behind my opinion. Abraham lincoln is in my opinionRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And The Civil War956 Words   |  4 Pagesof the first sixteenth president, Abraham Lincoln was the first president who created foundation about ending slaves in America via his Emancipation of Proclamation. Lincoln was also a strong supporter for Homestead Act and The Pacific Railway Act, which became an essential law for American economics. Furthermore, 13th Amendment was Lincoln top priority in legislation after he was reelected as the President. President Abraham Lincoln truly became one of the greatest presidents via these achievementsRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1614 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical Science 1100 Dr. Michael Petersen Abraham Lincoln I chose to do my research project on one of our presidents and the president I chose is Abraham Lincoln. I chose to do it on Lincoln because in my eyes and in the eyes of many other people, he was our nation s greatest president. He was considered our greatest president for everything he was and stood for and for all the things he did for our country. The first thing people should know about lincoln is that he did not grow up in a rich or

Reading Comprehension Worksheet 10 Answers

Stop! If youve come to this page before completing the Reading Comprehension Worksheet 10 What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? then head back there and complete the questions first. Once youve finished, then check out the answers to the questions below. Remember, each question deals with what is stated or implied in the text. Printable PDF:  What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Frederick Douglass Speech, Questions, and  Answers Answers: 1. The crowd to whom Frederick Douglass was speaking would most likely describe his tone as: A. Endearing and motivational B. Passionately accusatory C.  Justifiably angry D. Concerned and factual E. Docile but inspirational   The correct choice is B. Looking at the title, you have to realize that Frederick Douglass, a freed slave, was speaking to a crowd of mostly white, free people in New York in 1852. From the language he used, we know that no one would consider his tone to be docile or endearing so that rules out Choices E and A. Choice D is also a little bit too calm for the speech Douglass delivered. So, that leaves us Choices B and C. The only reason C is incorrect is the word justifiably. We have no idea whether or not the crowd would believe his anger justified. During that time frame, you could argue that many, probably, would not. You CAN argue, however, that he was passionate and accusatory of the United States in general, and even someone from the 1850s with a dissimilar viewpoint would have felt that passion, so Choice B is the best answer. Back to the passage 2. Which statement best summarizes the main idea of Frederick Douglass  speech? A. Throughout the world, America shows the most revolting barbarity and shameless hypocrisy for its usage of slavery. B. The Fourth  of July is a day that reveals to the American slave the injustice and cruelty of his or her lack of freedom. C. Gross inequalities exist throughout the United States of America, and Independence Day serves to highlight them. D. Enslaving people robs them of their essential humanity, which is a God-given right. E. The Fourth  of July should not be celebrated by some Americans if it cannot be celebrated by everyone. The correct choice is B. Choice A is too narrow; Americas barbarism as it relates to the rest of the world is only really described in a couple of sentences in the text. Choice C is much too broad. Gross inequalities could describe inequalities between races, sexes, ages, religions, political viewpoints, etc. It needs to be more specific to be correct. Choice D is too narrow, and Choice E is not really alluded to in the passage. That means that Choice B is the correct answer. Back to the passage 3. What does Douglass state he does NOT need to prove to the audience? A. That the popularity of slavery would diminish with their help. B. That slaves can do the same amount of work as free men. C. That slaves are men. D. That slavery is divine. E. That comparing slaves to animals is wrong. The correct choice is C. This is a tricky question because Douglass asks a lot of questions, states he doesnt need to answer them, and then answers them anyway. He never mentions Choice A, so thats out. He also never states Choice B, although he lists various jobs that slaves all do. He argues the opposite of Choice D, and although he mentions that animals are different from slaves, he never says that he doesnt need to prove that the comparison is incorrect. He does, however, say that he doesnt need to prove that slaves are men because laws have already proved it. Therefore, Choice C is the best answer. Back to the passage 4. Based on the passage, all of the following were reasons Douglass said he would not argue against slavery EXCEPT:   A. The time for such arguments has passed. B. It would make him appear ridiculous. C. It would insult the audiences understanding. D. He has better employment for his time and strength. E. He has too much pride to offer such things. The correct choice is E. Sometimes, youll need to answer questions directly from the passage like this. Here, its a simple matter of finding the information. The only answer choice not stated in the passage directly is Choice E. Everything else is mentioned verbatim. Back to the passage 5. Douglass mentions that there are 72  crimes in Virginia that will subject  a black man to death while there are only two that will do the same for a white man in order to: A. Prove that by the states own laws, slaves should be considered people. B. Display the gross inequities between free men and slaves. C. Relay facts to the audience that they may not already know. D. A and B only. E. A, B, and C. The correct choice is E. Douglass usage of this fact serves multiple purposes. Yes, the main point of the paragraph in which the fact was expressed was that because of the law, a slave is proved to be a person, but Douglass threw that statistic in for other reasons, too. He also enlightens the audience to a horrendous tidbit of Virginia law that they may not know: a slave could be killed for 72 different offenses, whereas a white man could for only two. This not only displays the gross inequities between the free men and slaves, but it also offers support for the main point of his essay: the Fourth  of July is not Independence Day for everyone.

The Pursuit Of The American Dream By F. Scott Fitzgerald

Kristin Liu Research Paper Date due: June 10, 2015 Date turned in: June 15, 2015 Self Demise in the Pursuit of the American Dream The 1920s was a time when parties and prosperity were abundant. This created the view that everything was possible and eventually led to the idea of the American Dream. The American Dream was the thought that if one lives in America, then they are living in a land of opportunity. The perception was that an individual, through hard work, can be successful when in America regardless of their situation. However, an inevitable truth that is often untold is the fact that the American Dream is only a dream that few can achieve. As shown in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s books, The Great Gatsby and This Side of Paradise, the pursuit of the American Dream proves to result in one’s demise. Jay Gatsby in The Great Gatsby and Amory Blaine in This Side of Paradise are unsuccessful in their attempt to attain the attention of the person they like, lose connections with people, and their wealth did not get them as far in life as they thought it would. In This Side of Paradise, Amory Blaine pu t in a lot of effort trying to appear successful in order to feel accepted, or normal. He attends a private boarding school, then to the prestigious Princeton University, in the hopes that â€Å"his nearest approach to success [can be achieved] through conformity† (110). He even joins the football team, writes for the school newspaper, and participates in various clubs in order toShow MoreRelatedThemes Of The American Dream In The Great Gatsby1503 Words   |  7 PagesThe American dream is the ideal that every human that lives in the United States of America has an equal opportunity to fulfill success and achieve happiness. The failure of the American dream is an evident theme in the novel. The author, F. Scott Fitzgerald, uses the character Jay Gatsby to symbolize the corruption that the pursuit of the American Dream holds. The American Dream highlights equality and is the quintessential idea that all humans are equal. However, this idea is perceived as an illusionRead More American Dream Failure Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesFailure of the American Dream The American Dream; a reality chased by Americans for centuries, based on the ideas of liberty, happiness and equal right to success for all. But, for F. Scott Fitzgerald the American Dream was a materialistic world of permanent riches and fortune. This distorted perception of the American Dream, shared by many others, resulted in the failure of the real American Dream, a reality where one can live comfortably and safely. Instead, the American Dream became this unattainableRead MoreThe American Dream By F. Scott Fitzgerald1134 Words   |  5 Pagescenturies, the interpretation and perception of the American Dream has changed considerably and frequently. From the vision of individual betterment in 1774, to African-American civil rights in 1963, the American Dream has and will continue to alter, as the country evolves. However, the basis of the American Dream has remained the same, with the set of ideals being democracy, rights, liberty, opportunity and equality. In addition to the i deals, the Dream is believed to be, that anyone has the abilityRead More Destruction and Failure of a Generation in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby1413 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Gatsby and the Destruction of a Generation      Ã‚   The beauty and splendor of Gatsbys parties masks the decay and corruption that lay at the heart of the Roaring Twenties. The society of the Jazz Age, as observed by Fitzgerald, is morally bankrupt, and thus continually plagued by a crisis of character. Jay Gatsby, though he struggles to be a part of this world, remains unalterably an outsider. His life is a grand irony, in that it is a caricature of Twenties-style ostentation: his closetRead MoreThe Great Gatsby : An American Nightmare1226 Words   |  5 PagesAlex Joo Mr. Shaffer ENG4U1 January 8th, 2015 The Great Gatsby: an American Nightmare At the end of the day everyone ends up in the same place—six feet under. By then, many end up having lived fulfilling lives and die with no regrets. Far too many do not. The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, presents the issue in pursuing the impossible: the American Dream. A dream in which all are â€Å"able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable† (Adams 215). Unfortunately, the latterRead MoreFailure Of The American Dream In The Writings Of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zora Neale Hurston, And August Wilson1418 Words   |  6 PagesThis literary study will define the failure of the †American Dream† in the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Arthur Miller, Zora Neale Hurston, and August Wilson. Fitzgerald’s account of the Jay Gatsby s rise to fame in the 1920s defines the failure of financial success as part of the American Dream. Gatsby will eventually die due to his excessive greed, which is not unlike the emotional death of Willy Loman as he fails to become a successful salesman in Author Miller’s Death of a Salesman. MoreRead MoreThe Decay of American Dream in The Great Gatsby1289 Words   |  6 PagesThe Decay of American Dream in The Great Gatsby The American Dream is a worldwide known idiom and it emphasizes an ideal of a successful and happy lifestyle which is oftentimes symbolized by the phrase â€Å"from rags-to-riches†. It originated out of the ideal of equality, freedom and opportunity that is held to every American. In the last couple of decades the main idea of the American Dream has shifted to becoming a dream in which materialistic values are of a higher importance and status. TheRead More Great Gatsby: Fitzgeralds Criticism Of The American Dream Essay501 Words   |  3 Pages Great Gatsby: Fitzgeralds Criticism of The American Dream The American Dream, as it arose in the Colonial period and developed in the nineteenth century, was based on the assumption that each person, no matter what his origins, could succeed in life on the sole basis of his or her own skill and effort. The dream was embodied in the ideal of the self-made man, just as it was embodied in Fitzgeralds own family by his grandfather, P. F. McQuillan. Fitzgeralds novel takes its place among other novelsRead More F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby Essay1211 Words   |  5 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald’s Portrayal of the Twenties F. Scott Fitzgerald was accurate in his portrayal of the aristocratic flamboyancy and indifference of the 1920s. In his novel, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald explores many aspects of indifference and flamboyancy. A large influence on this society was the pursuit of the American Dream. Gangsters played a heavily influential role in the new money aristocracy of the 1920s. The indifference was mainly due to the advent of Prohibition in 1920. One majorRead MoreThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald In a majority of literature written in the 20th century, the theme of the American Dream has been a prevalent theme. This dream affects the plot and characters of many novels, and in some books, the intent of the author is to illustrate the reality of the American Dream. However, there is no one definition of the American Dream. Is it the right to pursue your hearts wish,

Primary and Secondary Sources Free Essays

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES What is Primary Sources? * Primary sources  are original  materials. Generally, primary sources are not accounts written after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. * Information for which the writer has no personal knowledge is not primary, although it may be used by historians in the absence of a primary source. We will write a custom essay sample on Primary and Secondary Sources or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Primary sources provide first-hand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under investigation. They are created by witnesses or recorders who experienced the events or conditions being documented. Often these sources are created at the time when the events or conditions are occurring. Examples of Primary Sources: * archives and manuscript material * photographs, audio recordings, video recordings, films * journals, letters and diaries * speeches * scrapbooks * published books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at the time * government publications * oral histories * records of organizations * autobiographies and memoirs * printed ephemera * artifacts, e. g. clothing, costumes, furniture * research data, e. g. public opinion polls What is Secondary Sources? * Offer an interpretation or analysis  of the primary source materials. * Second hand accounts of historical events. Secondary sources are works of synthesis and interpretation based upon primary sources and the work of other authors. They may take a variety of forms. The authors of secondary sources develop their interpretations and narratives of events based on primary sources, that is, documents and other evidence created by participants or eyewitnesses.  ¦ Examples of Secondary Sources: * articles, * biographies, * books, * textbooks, * Reports on events, etc. THINGS TO ASK WHEN EVALUATING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES: * How does the author know these details (names, dates, and times)? Was the author present at the event or soon on the scene? * Where this information does came from? Eyewitness accounts? Reports written by the others? * Are the author’s conclusion based on a single piece of evidence, or have many sources been taken into account? SOME TECHNIQUES FOR TESTING THE AUTHENTICITY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES: * Check the currency of secondary sources. * Make certain primary sources are housed in a reputable archive and/or have been indexed or catalogue by exp erts in the source’s discipline. * Research the authority and credentials of journal article author. Cross check to see if others researches agree with your critique. HOW CAN I TELL IF SOMETHING IS A SECONDARY SOURCE? As with any research, examine the document or article carefully for accuracy and credibility. Use the following questions to help you determine whether or not you are using a credible secondary source. AUTHORS: * How does the author know what he/she knows? * Does his/her knowledge stem from personal experience or having read about and analyzed an event? * Does the author cite several other (published) reports? CONTENT: Why is the information being provided or the article written? * Are there references to other writings on this topic? * Is the author interpreting previous events? * Does the information come from personal experience or other’s accounts? CURRENCY: * Is the date of publication evident? * Is the date of publication close to the event describe d or was it written much later? Sources: * http://www. yale. edu/collections_collaborative/primarysources/primarysources. html * http://www. mitchellteachers. org * http://www. slideshare. net/stellacomans/primary-and-secondary-sources-7878126 How to cite Primary and Secondary Sources, Essay examples

Compare/Contrast Speak and I Fight Like a Girl free essay sample

Webster definition of a victim is one that is prayed upon and usually affected by a force or agent. my definition of victim is someone who has had a terrible thing happen to them. By both my and Webster definition both the narrator from the poem l fight like a girl and Melinda from the book speak are victims. Both in the poem and in the book the narrators/main characters go thru a lot and at some point reach the point when they are finally ready to fight back and stand p for themselves.The poem l fight like a girl and the book speak are alike because the main characters or narrators were both raped. I know this because in the third line of the poem it says a girl who is tired of being RAPED and in the book when Melinda finally comes to cope with the fact that she is raped at the end she says there is no avoiding it, Andy Evans raped me in August when I was too young and drunk to understand it. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare/Contrast Speak and I Fight Like a Girl or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is not my fault. The book and the poem are different because in the poem she Is ready to eight back from the beginning and in the book it takes a lot of time and coping with what happened to her before she was able to fight back and stand up for herself. Both in the poem and in the book the main characters or narrators were victimized. In speak Melinda was victimized in more than one way for one she was raped. For two she was made fun of for being an outcast I know this because at the pep rally that heather from Ohio made her go to she was pushed down the bleachers and teased.For three she was repeatedly psychologically victimized by her rapist Andy Evans It says In the book that whenever they where Inside of In school suspension when the teacher left he blew In her ear which was Just a way of making her uncomfortable and also when she was eating lunch with the Marshs he came over there to make her feel bad. Also Just Like the narrator from l fight Like a girl we know all of the different was that she was victimized because she specifically names them she says she was raped beaten humored and Ignored which are all different ways of being victimized.The only difference Is that we know who plummeted Melinda and we onto know who victimized the narrator from l fight Like a girl. In the book Melinda refuses to stand u p for herself because If she does that then he will have to admit what It did to her It takes a lot of time and coping and understanding from the few people who she had to listen to her before she was ready to stand up for herself whereas In the poem the narrator Is clearly fed-up with being victimized to the point where she was ready to stand up for herself from the begging.